What is Corona or COVID-19 and About Corona virus vaccine.

What is Corona or COVID-19:

COVID-19 is the infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered corona virus. This new virus and disease were unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. COVID-19 is now a pandemic affecting many countries globally.

What are the symptoms of covid -19?

The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, dry cough, and tiredness.

Other symptoms that are less common and may affect some patients include aches and pains, nasal congestion, headache, conjunctivitis, sore throat, diarrhea, loss of taste or smell or a rash on skin or discoloration of fingers or toes. These symptoms are usually mild and begin gradually. Some people become infected but only have very mild symptoms.

Most people (about 80%) recover from the disease without needing hospital treatment. Around 1 out of every 5 people who gets COVID-19 becomes seriously ill and develops difficulty breathing.

Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like high blood pressure, heart and lung problems, diabetes, or cancer, are at higher risk of developing serious illness. 

 However, anyone can catch COVID-19 and become seriously ill.  People of all ages who experience fever and/or cough associated with difficulty breathing/shortness of breath, chest pain/pressure, or loss of speech or movement should seek medical attention immediately.

 If possible, it is recommended to call the health care provider or facility first, so the patient can be directed to the right clinic.

How COVID-19 transmitted /spread between people?

COVID-19 spreads between people through close , indirect , direct contact with infected people via mouth and nose secretions.

When an infected person coughs, sneezes, speaks or sings the saliva, respiratory secretions or secretion droplets  , released from the mouth or nose .

People who are in close contact (within 1 meter) with an infected person can catch COVID-19 when those infectious droplets get into their mouth, nose or eyes.

Another reason of spread of COVID 19 is ,when People with the virus in their noses and throats may leave infected droplets on objects and surfaces (called fomites) when they sneeze, cough on, or touch surfaces, such as tables, doorknobs and handrails. Other people may become infected by touching these objects or surfaces, then touching their eyes, noses or mouths before cleaning their hands. 

What does WHO recommend in order to stop prevent COVID-19 spread?

 Ensure a physical distance of at least 1 metre from others. 

 In areas where COVID-19 is circulating and this distance cannot be guaranteed, wear a mask.

Clean hands and cover coughs and sneezes with a tissue or bent elbow at all times.

Avoid crowded places, close-contact settings and confined and enclosed spaces with poor ventilation.

About Corona virus vaccine:

According to W.H.O there is a research and development going on to invent vaccine on COVID -19.WHO not yet declared any vaccine on COVID -19.
But  there are more than 160 vaccine candidates in different stages of trials around the world and more than 30 potential vaccines have already entered the crucial human trials phase.
 As per the latest media reports, the inactivated vaccine developed by The Wuhan Institute of Biological Products can be made commercially available by December-end, 2020, as per the head of the state-owned Chinese company Sinopharm.

 As of now, the Chinese vaccine candidate is in its Phase III of human trials, which are the critical, last stage trials before a vaccine candidate is given regulatory approvals.

Everything you need to know about the SinoPharm vaccine candidate

As of now, two doses of the potential vaccine are given to the volunteers, keeping an interval of 28 days between the shots. Middle-strength dose seems to be working the best and four micrograms of the vaccine are injected each time.

Chinese vaccine manufacturer Sinopharm CNBG is already conducting Phase III of human trials after it triggered a strong antibody response in its Phase I/II of clinical trials

How effective is the SinoPharm COVID-19 vaccine candidate?

According to a report published in TASS, a Russian news agency, Liu Jingzhen informed that the 1 dose of the vaccine will provide about 97 per cent protection against novel corona virus and with two doses the probability of protection will touch 100 per cent. He was quoted as saying, “If you do one shot, the probability of protection is about 97 per cent, antibodies are developing slowly. Usually, about half a month is needed to reach the level sufficient to counter COVID-19. If you do two shots, the probability of protection may reach 100 per cent.”

vaccine by December-end? Quite possible:

Liu Jingzhen, who is the chairman of state-owned Chinese company Sinopharm stated that the inactivated vaccine candidate will most likely be pushed out in the market by late December 2020.

What will be the pricing of the Chinese vaccine

Corona virus vaccine will be available by December 2020; price less than Rs 10,000 for two doses

How Dharavi slum area located in Mumbai(India) control COVID-19 in their area?

Dharavi  is a locality in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, considered to be one of Asia's largest slums. Dharavi has an area of just over 2.1 square kilometers (0.81 sq mi; 520 acres) and a population of about 1,000,000. With a population density of over 277,136/km2 (717,780/sq mi), Dharavi is one of the most densely populated areas in the world.

The Dharavi slum was founded in 1884 during the British colonial era, and grew in part because of an expulsion of factories and residents from the peninsular city centre by the colonial government and from the migration of poor rural Indians into urban Mumbai. For this reason, Dharavi is currently a highly diverse settlement religiously and ethnically.

In dharavi people live in small distance area, and it’s hard to maintain social distancing in that area .people of Dharavi use public common toilets and because of this thing for MIDC of Mumbai was hard to control covid -19 in such big slum area like Dharavi.

But Dharavi  control the COVID-19 spread in a very smartly way.

The WHO (World Health Organisation) chief, Dr.Tedros Adhanom has acknowledged on Dharavi’s success in controlling the virus spread and also he stated that “Dharavi should be seen as an example across the world.”

In May 2020, Dharavi inscribed a total of 1216 COVID-19 cases and 56 deaths. Dharavi recorded an average of 18 new cases daily in the month of June. However, in July Dharavi managed to significantly flatten the curve. Totally, as on July 10^th 2020 Dharavi witnesses 2359 COVID-19 cases out which 1952 recovered cases has been reported.

How Dharavi control COVID-19:

containment ,  mitigation and Screening strategies were effectively considered in Dharavi and thereby Dharavi achieved a massive success in crushing the virus spread.

 Enforcing a strict lockdown and blocking the movement of residents except for essential services, seems to have helped greatly in controlling the virus spread and in recent days the COVID-19 cases are relatively low.

 Dharavi has also achieved a great recovery rate.

In Dharavi area government instantly take action and has alerted the medical staff to take carry on the immediate COVID-19 testing strategy in Dharavi.

Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) ensured proper sanitation of the streets of Dharavi frequently. The launch of intense screening and sanitation drive had a great impact in flattening the curves.

The public in Dharavi showed their responsibility and co-operation by closing the small shops, farmer’s marker, and vendor units which can avoid the people gathering.

Because of this action the daily wadges worker livehood was affected.but to give solution to this problem government provide groceries and other provisions at free of cost

Funding:

The coronavirus relief fund also played a major role in setting up facilities at Dharavi.

 PM CARES fund also immensely helped in collecting funds across India. Also, PM CARES fund system has opened international donations in recent days. Similarly, each state has separate chief minister’s funding system for donating towards COVID-19 relief.

Private organizations largely contributed their properties for this quarantine centers.

The government provide facility to people who staying at dharavithe facilities are mention below.

·         availability doctors, nurses, and medical staff for 24*7 for immediate treatments.

·         Community Kitchen which provided breakfast, lunch and dinner

·         Essential medical equipment to treat the virus attack(mask, sanitizer)

·         Availability of medicines, multivitamins

People stay in small area in Dharavi therefore there was a challenge of home quarantine .for the solution of the government convert , schools ,college ,stadium ,marriage hall in quarantine center.

Instant medical facilities were effectively made available to the victims at these quarantine centers.

 Also, the victims were given proper nutrition in their meals to boost their immunity power. Proper medication consumed by the victims was also monitors by medical staff.

Apart from this, private hospitals were also actively participating in this battle against corona virus. A 200-bed in almost every hospital near Dharavi was set up to observe a 14 days isolation with proper medications

Because of this all steps  , immediate actions and proper medical care and services Dharavi  successes in control the spread of COVID-19.

contribution  of  Dharavi area people who recovered from COVID-19 :

Today Dharavi   area residents are donating their blood for treatment of other COVID -19 patient for plasma therapy .

THANK YOU.