Assam flood,reasons,solution for Assam flood

Assam flood ,reasons and how we can fixed flood problem in Assam.

Assam is such a beautiful place it is a state in northeastern India, situated south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys. Assam covers an area of 78,438 km² (30,285 sq mi). The state is bordered by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh to the north; Nagaland and Manipur to the east; Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram and Bangladesh to the south; and West Bengal to the west via the Siliguri Corridor, a 22 kilometres (14 mi) strip of land that connects the state to the rest of India. It is also one of the world's most populous subdivisions.

       Assam is home to the one-horned Indian rhinoceros, along with the wild water buffalo, pygmy hog, tiger and various species of Asiatic birds, and provides one of the last wild habitats for the Asian elephant. The Assamese economy is aided by wildlife tourism to Kaziranga National Park and Manas National Park, which are World Heritage Sites. Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is famed for its feral horses. Sal tree forests are found in the state which, as a result of abundant rainfall, look green all year round. Assam receives more rainfall than most parts of India; this rain feeds the Brahmaputra River, whose tributaries and oxbow lakes provide the region with a hydro-geomorphic environment.

        Flood situation in Assam.

Assam currently facing heavy rain fall, landslides and flood .Over 24 lakh people have been affected according to the Assam State Disaster Management Authority. Crops in 1,09,600 hectares in 24 districts have been damaged. Over 34 lakh people in 26 of the 33 districts in the state are affected by the devastating floods. The Brahmaputra and eight other rivers in Assam are flowing above the danger level.

Many roads, bridges, culverts and other infrastructure have been damaged in floods and landslides across the state. Over 80 per cent of

the Kaziranga National Park has been inundated and 66 wild animals

Including two rhinos have died, the forest department officials said.

   

    The worst hit districts in the state are Hojai, Dhemaji, Lakhimpur, Biswanath, Sonitpur, Udalguri, Darrang, Baksa, Nalbari, Barpeta, Chirang, Bongaigaon, Kokrajhar, Dhubri, Goalpara, Kamrup, Nagaon, Golaghat, Jorhat, Majuli, Sivasagar, Dibrugarh, Tinsukia and Karbi Anglong

According to the Assam disaster management body, 3,371 villages are under flood waters and standing crops in 1.28 lakh hectares have been ruined.

    

               Relief camp photos:

More than 44,000 have been moved to state relief camps.

          the government has set up 276 relief camps and 192 relief distribution  in centers in the districts to help the flood affected people. 

The overflowing Brahmaputra and its tributary Krishnai have severely affected several villages leaving many locals stranded. Teams of the National Disaster Relief Force (NDRF) have been able to reach some of the flood-affected villages. 

          The overflowing Brahmaputra and its tributary Krishnai have severely affected several villages leaving many locals stranded. Teams of the National Disaster Relief Force (NDRF) have been able to reach some of the flood-affected villages. 

   Around 12 search and rescue teams of the NDRF have been deployed in       Jorhat, Bongaigaon, Kamrup Metro, Dhubri, Barpeta, Goalpara,       Golaghat,   Cachar, Sivasagar, Sonitpur, Dhemaji and Tinsukia. The NDRF   control       room is also keeping a close watch in other flood-affected areas.

        

About Political authority support and help to Assam:

      

    Assam Chief Minister Sarbananda Sonowal on Monday visited the flood-affected Barpeta district and announced a compensation of Rs 4 lakh, within 48 hours, for the families of those who have lost their lives in the floods. Our prime minister Modi sir also contact Assam chief minister Sarbananda sonowal  and asked  about flood situation in Assam and provide help to Assam.

This is a recurring problem in the state. People are fighting several problems. On one hand, there is COVID-19, and on the other there are floods and landslides," Mr Sonowal said.

The another problem in Assam is COVID -19 situation:

Assam facing 2 disaster situation in one time one is flood, and another one is covid-19 .to fight with covid -19 in this flood situation Assam introduced  New Guidelines for flood relief camps .

 “If a COVID-19 outbreak happens in one of the relief camps, then it will spiral out of control, that is why we  issued special guidelines and initiated a separate setup,” said Chakrabarty.

Earlier while people from entire villages would be mass evacuated and put in schools, preparations are being made to identify the capacity of different relief camps. “People will be evacuated as per the capacity of each designated camp,” said Chakrabarty, adding that a village-level evacuation team will also be put in place to lead the evacuation.

Inside the relief camps too, there are a number of new directives to be followed. As per the new guidelines, instead of the earlier 3.5 square metres earmarked per person in the camp, the space will double to 7 square metres. “If tents are used for shelter, these should not be erected closely. Minimum 20 metres distance shall be maintained between two tents,” stated the guidelines. It also said that people showing fever symptoms will be immediately segregated and given for medical care. Additionally, water per person will be increased from 20 litres to 30 litres per day.

The camps will be no-spitting and no-tobacco zones, and masks, soaps and sanitisers will be made available.

   REASON FOR FOOLD IN ASSAM:

The main reason of flood in Assam is Brahmaputra river .Brahmaputra river is so vast this river can be seen from space. The river cut northindia biger state assam into two halves in north bank and in soiuth bank.bramhaputra river is a huge river system of multipal channels and water bodies ,criss crossing large parts of state.the glacial melt in summer coincides with the monsoon intensifying  downstream

Causing the annual flooding.it help to made land more fertile ,but the excess flow of water becomes a problem when it brings along disaster.

     The government spent 30000 crore over 60 years on embankments (a wall or bank of earth or stone built to prevent a river flooding an area) along Brahmaputra.Charles Ellet jr. U.S civil engineer in 90 century said embankment confined rivers and cause them to raise higher and flow faster.

   

     Land slides and faulty drainage have weakened this embakment.80% of embankment are poorly maintained .and another backlog of embankment is if we build embankment in one area that area is safe from flood but another area in that place is not safe because the flow of water increase in other area  where the embank is not build. example if we build embankment at Dibrugarh that will protect its from flood water but patra Gaon ,which lies where these embankment ends ,does not have that chance ,so when floods come,while this embankment protect Dibrugarh .it channels the flood water in greater volume and intensity towards patra Gaon. while Dibeugaeh saved and Patra Gaon is left to deal with a double whammy. that when the floods became disaster. 

     Another reason for flood is rampant deforestation  ,hill cutting, increase in river bed level, people start living near river taking risk for their life.

 Climate change is also the reason for flood in Assam  ,because of climate   change on eastern Himalayas ,as glaciers melt faster.

Let’s see how much cost   incurred in Assam because of flood.

In 2012 flood cost Assam Rs.3200 crore .

The state loses around 8000 km squared to erosion due to flooding every year.

About Assam animals:

It ‘s said that flooding is essential in Assam for the survival of kaziranga national park word famous for rhinos .flood the help in revitalize the grassland .before animal shift to the higher ground within the park but from 2019 as 90% of kaziranga face flooding .the water is increasing in every inches of the park including the higher ground. now an animal’s had  nowhere to go .the numbers of animals death showing and saying .floods now kills one horned rhinos at kaziranga.

     Solution for flood in Assam :

·       We can’t   control flow of water from Brahmaputra   river .but we can give prompt and proper alert about flood to villages, placed near flood area.

·       We can maintain the embankment or repair them and improve their condition to deal with heavy flow of water.

·       Government should ban all construction on low-lying floodplains.

·       Before flood government should forecast flood period and moved all animal and people living in flood effected area.